Ch+27+Key+terms

Key terms CH 27 The new Imperialism 1869-1914 Suez Canal: Ship canals dug across the isthmus of Suez in egypt, designed by Ferdinand De Lesseps. It opened in 1869 and shortened the sea voyage between Europe and Asia. Its strategic importance led to the British conquest of Egypt in 1882 New Imperialism: Historians term for the late nineteenth and early twentieth century wave of conquest by European powers, the Us and Japan, which were followed by the development and exploration of the newly conquered territories for the benefit of the colonial powers. battle of Omdurman: British victory over the Mardi in the Sudan in 1898 General Kitchener led a mixed force of British and Egyptian troops armed with rapid-firm rifles and machine guns Scramble for Africa: sudden wave of conquest in Africa by European powers in the 1880s and 1840s Britain obtaining most of eastern Africa, france most of northwestern africa. Other countries(germany Belgium, portugal, Italy and Spain) acquired lesser amounts Henry Morton Stanely: American journalist King Leopold 2: of belgium Savorgnan de Brazza: an italian officer serving in the french army, obtained from an African ruler living on the opposite bank a treaty that placed the area under the 'protection' of france Berlin Conference: (1884-1885) conference that German chancellor otto von Bismarck called to set rules for the partition of Africa. It led to the Creation of the Congo Free state under king Leopold 2 of Belgium Afrikaners: South Africans descended from the dutch and French settlers of the 17th century. Their Great Trek founded new settlers colonies in the nineteenth century. Though a minority among South Africans they held political power after 1910, imposing a system of racial segregation called a apartheid after 1944. Cecil Rhodes:(1853-1902) British entrepreneur and politician involved in the expansion of the british Empire from South Africa into Central Africa. The colonies of Southern Rhodesia(now Zimbabwe) and Northern Rhodesia were named after him. Asante: african kingdom on the Gold coast the expanded rapidly after 1680. Asante participated in the Atlantic economy trading gold, slaves and ivory. It resisted british imperial ambitions for a quarter century before being absorbed into British's Gold Coast colony in 1902 Menelik: Became emperor of Ethiopia in 1889 Emilio Aguinaldo: (1869-1964) Leader of the Filipino independence movement against spain(1895-1896) he proclaimed the independence of the Philippines in 1899, but his movement was crushed and he was captured by the us army in 1901 Free Trade imperialism: Economic dominance of a weaker country by a more powerful one, while maintaining the legal independence of the weaker state. in the late 19th century, free trade imperialism characterized the relations between the latin American republics, an the one hand, and Great Britain and the us on the other hand. Panama Canal: ship canal cut across the isthmus of panama by Us army engineers: it opened in 1915 It greatly shortened the sea voyages between east and west coasts of North America. The us turned the canal over to Panama on January 1, 2000.