CH+3+outline

CH 3 Outline- The Mediterranean and Middle east, 200-500 BCE http://www.course-notes.org/World_History/Outlines/The_Earth_and_Its_Peoples_4th_Edition_Outlines/CHAPTER_4_THE_MEDITERRANEAN_AN The Cosmopolitan Middle east, 1700-1100 Western Asia New Kingdom Egypt  Commerce and Communication 
 * by 1500 bce mesopotamia was into two political zones babylonia and Assyria
 * in western Asia, the Kassites ruled Babylonia,
 * Babylonia was not after territorial conquest
 *  Assyria involved in trade: with tin and silver
 * Hittites: speakers of an indo- European language, who became the foremost power in Anatolia from around 1700-1200 bce
 *  The Hittites had their capital in Anatolia,they used horse-drawn chariots, and had access to important copper, silver, and iron deposits.
 * During the second millennium b.c.e. Mesopotamian political and cultural concepts spread across much of western Asia
 * Akkadian became the language of diplomacy and correspondence between governments.
 * 
 * The New Kingdom period was preceded by the decline of the Middle Kingdom and by the subsequent period of rule by the non-Egyptian Hyksos. A native Egyptian dynasty overthrew the Hyksos to begin the New Kingdom period. This period was characterized by aggressive expansion into Syria-Palestine and into Nubia.
 * Innovations during the New Kingdom period include Queen Hatsheput’s attempt to open direct trade with Punt and Akhenaten’s construction of a new capital at Amarna. Akhenaten also made Aten the supreme deity of Egypt and carried out a controversial reform program
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive;">The general Haremhab seized power in 1323 b.c.e. and established a new dynasty, the Ramessides. The Ramessides renewed the policy of conquest and expansion neglected by Akhenaten and their greatest king, Ramesses II (r. 1290–1224 b.c.e.), dominated his age
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive;">The Syria-Palestine area was an important crossroads for the trade in metals. For this reason, the Egyptians and the Hittites fought battles and negotiated territorial agreements concerning control over Syria-Palestine
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive;">Access to metals was vital to all bronze-age states, but metals, including copper and tin for bronze, often had to be obtained from faraway places. The demand for metals spurred the development of trade in copper from Anatolia and Cyprus, tin from Afghanistan and Cornwall, silver from Anatolia, and gold from Nubia
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS', cursive;">New modes of transportation introduced during this period included horses, chariots, and camels